Gods and Goddesses in Ancient Italy by Edward Bispham & Daniele Miano

Author:Edward Bispham & Daniele Miano
Language: eng
Format: azw3, pdf
ISBN: 9781138697553
Publisher: Taylor and Francis
Published: 2019-12-05T16:00:00+00:00

Notes

1 The praenomen of this magistrate is also recorded as Spurius, cfr. Broughton 1968: 22; the identity of the other duumvir aedi dedicandae (member of the board of two for dedicating the temple) is unknown.

2 Liv., 2.42.5; Broughton 1968: 22.

3 Broughton 1968: 10–11.

4 Dion. Hal., 6.13.1; the appearance of the Dioscuri is also referred to by Cicero, nat deor. 2.5–6; this version, with variants, in also attested in Plut., Cor. 3.4; cfr. Plut., Aem. 25.1; Aur. Vict., vir. ill. 16.1–3; Flor., 1.5.4.

5 Dion. Hal., 6.13.2.

6 The Διόσκουροι ‘sons of Zeus’, Kástor (Κάστωρ) and Polydeúkes (Πολυδεύκης), belong to the most ancient stratum of Greek religion. The name Kástor in the genitive Ka-to-ro is already attested in Mycenaean tablets, KN Dq(4) 438.b and 686.b; KN L(4) 489; KN Do 1054b and 7613.b; KN Dv 1169.B; 5287.b; a rock-cut inscription from Thera with the form Διoσϟοροι (IG XII 3, 359), shows that towards the end of the eighth or the beginning of the seventh century BC, the deities were already worshipped as sons of Zeus.

7 RRC 335/10a

8 Liv., 2.20.12–13; Ogilvie 1965: 288–9.

9 The theonym/patronym Dioscuri was never translated in Latin, in the Latin contexts in which they both appear, the divine twins are always called by their individual names; Meister 1916: 116.

10 This name must be anachronistic, as the collective form Castores to signify Castor and Pollux does not appear before Pliny the Elder: NH 1.1 (with reference to the constellation); 7.86; 10.121; 34.23 (with regard to the temple); 35.27; SHA Max. 16.1 (referring to the temple); SHA Valer. 5.4 (referring to the temple); Not. Reg. VIII.23; Chron. 13b 11 Helm; cfr. Meister 1916: 117.

11 Suet. Tib. 20; Ov. Fast. 1.707–8; Dio Cass. 55.27.4; the dedicatory inscription has been reconstructed by Géza Alföldi, Alföldi 1992: 51; full discussion in Santi 2017: 127–33.

12 CIL I2.581 r. 17.

13 CIL XIV 3584.

14 CIL VI 363; VI 9177; VI 9872; VI 10024; TLLE 130. The epigraphic corpus can be complemented by the inscriptions CIL V 8119; ILS 8636: EXACTVM AD CASTORIS AEDEM (measured at the temple of Castor) inscribed on weights, which were verified against standard weights kept in the temple of the Forum.

15 RGDA 20. In the Greek text the temple is called according to the Greek form ναòς τῶν Διοσκόρων (temple of the Dioscuri).

16 Pl. Curc. 48: pone aedem Castoris (behind the temple of Castor).

17 In Ciceronian speeches one can find numerous references to the temple in the Forum, as the sanctuary came to assume an ever-increasing political function. In every case, with a single exception, Cicero uses the expression aedes Castoris (temple of Castor) or templum Castoris (sacred precinct of Castor): pro Quinct. 4: ad Castoris (scil. aedem); in Pis. 5: in templo Castoris; 10: in templum Castoris: pro Mil. 7: in templo Castoris; Phil. 3.11. There are seven references to the aedes Castoris in the orations against Verres: Cic., Verr. 2.1.129: in aede Castoris, celeberrimo clarissimoque monumento (in the temple of Castor, a most frequented very famous monument); 130: aedem Castoris; 131: aedem Castoris; 132: aedem Castoris; 133: in aedem Castoris; 154: aedem Castoris; Verr.

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